Three elements i.e. rolling, rotation and throwing are listed as fundamentals of hoop work, though there are more possibilities for variation of apparatus manipulation with the hoop than with any other piece. Though it is large in comparison with other pieces of apparatus, its solidity and form make it fairly easy for beginners to handle, although at times it can prove difficult to keep in place or to change planes.
Swings and circles, turning over, passing through, and throwing are additional characteristics of hoop work and all play an important part in the finished sequence. As with the rope, the grip on the hoop should be light so that the various manipulations may be performed with smoothness and dexterity, although occasionally, when preparing for some of the throws, for instance, the grip will need to be very firm.
The two types of grip used are the over grasp (hand on the outside of the hoop, fingers curled around it) and the under grasp (hand inside the hoop, palm upwards as if hanging the hoop on the hand).
The thumb and fingers play a vital part in all the various skills involving the use of the hand or hands. As with the other apparatus, work must be performed in the left hand as well as the right, so it is essential that when learning a skill it is practiced in both hands.
The element of rotation, in which the hoop spins around a hand or other part of the body, must not be confused with the turnover of the hoop. This is also a spinning action, but around a long axis extending from one outer edge of the hoop to the other, rather like a spinning coin.
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